02-05-2021

Stepper Motor Driver Schematic

Stepper Motor Control using Arduino is a simple project where a Bipolar Stepper Motor is controlled using Arduino UNO. Stepper Motor is a type of brushless DC Motor that converts electrical pulses into distinct mechanical movements i.e. the shaft of a stepper motor rotates in discrete steps. When a computer controls these steps, we can get precise position and speed control.

Because of this discrete nature of step – wise rotation of a stepper motor, they are often employed in industrial automation, CNC systems, etc. where precision motion is required.

In this project, we designed a simple system to control a stepper motor using Arduino. We have used Arduino UNO as the main controlling part of the project to control the steps of the stepper motor.

Select the Next Set of Arduino Projects You Want to Learn in Electronicshub: Arduino Projects»

Here is the circuit diagram of a simple stepper motor controller using only elementary parts. The driver circuit uses, four transistor (SL100) to drive the motor windings, two NOT gates and one XOR gate to decode the two bit control logic to drive the four windings of the motor. Microstepping bipolar stepper motor driver and is a drop-in replacement for the A4983 stepper motor driver carrier. The driver features adjustable current limiting, overcurrent protection, and five different microstep resolutions. It operates from 8 – 35 V and can deliver up to 2 A per coil. Note: This board is a drop-in replacement for the. Drive a Stepper Motor With an Arduino and a A4988 Stepstick/Pololu Driver: There are several ways to make a Stepper Motor run, and the best way will depend on the application, the motor and the electronics available. For running a stepper motor from an Arduino these are the main ways to go1. A ULN2003 Darlington driver. Arduino Stepper Motor Control Circuit Diagram and Explanation: The circuit Diagram for the arduino stepper motor control project is shown above. We have used the 28BYJ-48 Stepper motor and the ULN2003 Driver module. To energise the four coils of the stepper motor we are using the digital pins 8,9,10 and 11.

In the following sections, a brief introduction to stepper motors, circuit of the project and also the working of the project is explained.

Circuit Diagram of Stepper Motor Control using ArduinoComponents Required

  • Arduino UNO [Buy Here]
  • L293D Motor Driver IC [Buy Here]
  • Bipolar Stepper Motor
  • Power Supply (suitable for your stepper motor)
  • Breadboard (Prototyping Board)
  • Connecting Wires

A brief introduction to Stepper Motor

Motor

As mentioned earlier, a Stepper Motor is a type of DC Motor that rotates in discrete steps. Due to their unique design, stepper motors can be controlled for precise positioning without any feedback.

A typical stepper motor has multiple coils that are divided into phases. When each phase is energised in sequence, the rotor of the stepper motor rotates in steps.

Basically, there are three types of stepper motors: Variable Reluctance (VR) Stepper Motors, Permanent Magnet (PM) Stepper Motors and Hybrid Stepper Motors. Based on the winding of the stator, stepper motors can also be classified as Bipolar Stepper Motors and Unipolar Stepper Motors.

We will not go into the details of the types of stepper motors but it is important to identify whether your stepper motor is a bipolar or unipolar one. This is because, the driving method for each of these stepper motors is different from the other. https://omgneeds.netlify.app/boondocks-season-5-download.html.

For instance, the driver circuit of a unipolar stepper motor can be implemented with simple transistor based circuit or a Darlington Transistor IC like ULN2003A. But in case of a bipolar stepper motor, we need to implement an H – bridge type driver like L293D Motor Driver IC.

The following image shows a bipolar stepper motor, a 6 – wire unipolar stepper motor and a 5 – wire unipolar stepper motor.

The most common step angle or step count for stepper motors is 1.80 or 200 steps (both of them are same as 1.80 x 200 = 3600).

How to Design Stepper Motor Control Circuit?

Stepper Motor Drive Schematic

In this project, we have used a bipolar stepper motor. Hence, we used the Motor Driver IC L293D, which is an H – bridge type driver. Sims 2 torrent pc. Since it is a bipolar stepper motor, there are only 4 wires we need to connect.

So, connect the two wires from one coil to outputs 1 and 2 of L293D and the other two wires from second coil to outputs 3 and 4.

The 4 inputs of the L293D Motor Diver IC are given from Arduino UNO. So connect them to any of the 4 digital I/O pins (here, we connected them to pins 2, 3, 4 and 5 of Arduino UNO).

Stepper Motor Driver Circuit Using Irf540

Understand the power requirements of your stepper motor and provide necessary power supply. Wrong power supply would permanently damage the motor.

The control of steps is done with the help of computer using serial monitor. So, make sure that the RX and TX pins of the Arduino are not used as digital I/O. Alternatively, we can control the steps or rotation of the motor with the help of analog input via a potentiometer.

Working of the Project

A simple Stepper Motor Control using Arduino UNO and L293D Motor Driver IC is designed in this project. The working of the project is explained here.

The stepper motor used in this project is a Bipolar PMH (Permanent Magnet Hybrid) type Stepper Motor. Since it is a bipolar motor, there are only 4 wires corresponding to the end terminals of two coils. These 4 wires are connected to the output pins of the L293D Motor Driver IC.

In order to drive the stepper motor, we will be using a technique called “Half Stepping”. The motor used in this project has 200 step count. With one phase stepper excitation i.e. energising only one phase at a time, we can achieve the normal 200 step rotation with least power consumption.

Two phase stepper excitation is another technique where two phases are energised at a time. With this technique, the step count doesn’t vary from the one phase excitation but the torque and speed is significantly increased.

But the disadvantage is it requires twice the power. The following image shows a 4 step based operation of one phase and two phase excitation methods.

There is another technique called Half Stepping. This is a combination of one phase and two phase excitation. The step count is doubled i.e. half the step angle can be achieved.

So, with half stepping, we can get double the resolution with along with smoother operation. The image below demonstrates an 8 step “Half Stepping” excitation method.

As mentioned earlier, the step angle of the motor used in this project is 1.80 i.e. 200 steps for full step excitation. In order to increase the resolution (double the resolution), we will use half step excitation and achieve 400 step count.

Arduino Stepper Motor Driver Schematic

In order to control the steps, we will use the serial monitor. In the program, for clock wise rotation, ‘+’ symbol is assigned and for anti – clock wise rotation, ‘–’ sign is used.

After selecting the direction, then we can enter the number of steps directly anywhere between 1 and 400.

Code

Applications

Stepper Motor Driver Circuit Electronics Hub

  • The project demonstrates the working of a Stepper motor and Stepper Motor Control using Arduino. Stepper motors are commonly used in robots, CNC Machines, industrial automation, small appliances like printers etc.
  • Due to their high accuracy and holding torque, stepper motors are used where precision positioning is essential.

Stepper Motor Driver Circuit

Construction and Output Video

Operating a stepper
motor using a fixed (constant) voltage supply results in poor torque at
high speeds. In fact, stepper motors tend to stall at fairly low speeds
under such conditions. Several approaches can be used to overcome this
problem, one of which is to use a constant current supply in place of
the more conventional constant voltage supply. A disadvantage of many
constant current supplies is that simple circuits are inefficient but
that doesn’t apply to switchmode supplies such as the circuit shown
here.

Windows 7 (32-bit). Windows RT. Windows Server 2012 (64-bit). Windows Server 2008 R2 (64-bit). Brother dcp 7065dn printer download. Windows Server 2008 (32-bit).

Magic freedom scientific download. Basically, this circuit is a conventional switchmode regulator
adapted for constant current output and is specially designed for
stepper motor drivers – although it could be used for other applications
as well. The circuit works as follows: IC1 (LM2575T) and its associated
components (D1, L1, C1, etc) operate as a switchmode power supply.
Normally, for constant voltage operation, the output is connected –
either directly or via a resistive divider – back to the feedback input
(pin 4) of IC1.

Stepper Motor Drive Circuit

In this circuit, however, Q1 senses the current flowing through R1 and
produces a corresponding voltage across R3. This voltage is then fed to
pin 4 of IC1. As a result, the the circuit regulates the current into a
load rather than the voltage across the load. Only one adjustment is
needed: you have to adjust VR1 for optimum stepper motor performance
over the desired speed range. The simplest way to do this is to measure
the motor current at its rated voltage at zero stepping speed and then
adjust VR1 for this current. The prototype worked well with a stepper
motor rated at 80O per winding and a 12V nominal input voltage. Some
components might have to be modified for motors having different
characteristics.
Author: H. Nacinovich – Copyright: Silicon Chip Electronics